Natalia Goncharova drew the young Ilya Zdanevich in the form of an angel with wings on his back and a pen in hand. Serge Fehr portrayed him as a man-bird in the pot and the sheets of the report in his hand. Michael Le Dante in 1916 drew a buddy in cloak with shepherd’s staff on the background of lamb and mountains. Pablo Picasso for the wedding and Helen Zdanevich Douar in 1968 labored over etching for their invitations to the celebration, where Ilya Mikhailovich appear naked – in the form of an overweight, stocky ancient shepherd with his staff. Without this “angel of small stature and arrogant singer,” as said about him by his friend, the poet Igor Terentyev, would be incomplete not only of Russian Futurism, Dada and European and artist’s books – livre d’artiste – in the twentieth century.
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The more valuable the exhibition” Iliazd . XX century Ilya Zdanevich “opened at the Art Gallery of European and American XIX – XX centuries Pushkin Museum. Pushkin, the first large-scale retrospective of his work in Russia. For the first time collected and displayed all the books (number 21) in the genre livre d’artiste, Zdaneviches published for 35 years (from the collection of Boris Fridman and George Gens), drawings, graphics, manuscripts, posters from the collections of archives Iliazd in France, the French private collections RGALI, St Petersburg State Museum of Theatre and Music, Anna Akhmatova Museum at the Fountain House, archive CHANEL (France).
The curators of the project were Boris Fridman, Vitaly Mishin, scientific consultant made Regis Geir (France) , the leading expert on creativity Zdanevich. The Russian Ilya Zdanevich know as a writer (his novels, poems, speeches, letters, come with us since the early 1990s), one of the theorists of Futurism (which he launched into circulation we have this word, picked it from Marinetti), promoter of “everythingness “one of the discoverers of Niko Pirosmani, and author of the first monograph on the work of Natalia Goncharova and Mikhail Larionov …
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And, of course, as a member of a stormy debate in the Moscow Polytech in March 1913. That debate was timed to the opening of the exhibition “Target” and it has become the target of angry spectators shock the audience Larionov. Ilya saved the artist from ready to fall on his head with a chair, with all the vehemence 19-year-old student rushing into battle lecturer with frenzied audience when the course went all improvised means of combat, such as chairs, cups, saucers and even a music stand. Meanwhile Ilya Zdanevich famous also as a designer of fabrics, worked for the House of Chanel, and how thorough Byzantinologist which draws detailed plans surveyed them Byzantine, Georgian, Armenian and Spanish churches … and drawings Zdanevich and tissue samples, and even photos of Gabrielle Chanel costumes of these fabrics can be seen at the exhibition. Nor, as the drawings of temples, made it to the care of a professional architect. During the 1930s, he made plans about 150 ancient temples.
The exhibition of course, just a few. But the severity of the drawings surprisingly echoes the clarity of structure “artists’ books”. Yet a drawing of the building and the layout of the book is not so different among themselves, as a way of futurist and “archival boys”, a lover of antiquity. But it seems that for the most Iliazd – so he presented himself at one of his lectures in Paris in 1922 – in this pairing there was no conflict. There are startling admission in a letter to his mother in 1913: “I am very sad, I was not born an ancient Roman. For sure would become” violent “tribune”. This partly explains how this ardent futurist poet and skidded on the law faculty of St. Petersburg University. But more importantly, this passage explains the fusion of passion and rational calculation, a taste for public speaking and organizational routine, southern temperament and painstaking historical Studi, which is so characteristic of Ilya Zdanevich.
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By the way, this “fitting” the image of the Roman tribune, that feeling antiquity as “their” space brings Iliazd poetic generation of the early XIX century. Generations, which, of course, prefer to Apuleius Cicero, but for which the republican ideals and the idea of civic duty, freedom and hatred of tyranny is firmly connected with the subjects of ancient history. In fact, he did not need to complain. Of course, the pre-revolutionary Tiflis, where Ilya Zdanevich born at the turn of the XIX century, in 1894, in the Polish-Georgian noble family, not ancient Rome, but he was one of the most fantastic cities in the multinational Russian Empire. About Tiflis life of the hero tells the exposure at the beginning of the exhibition. On the poster in Borjomi Park (1919), with drawings of Michael Le Dante, who died in the First World, with cartoons Igor Terentyev and Sigmund Waliszewski, with books and Alexei Kruchenykh of Zdanevich …
In addition, the role of “violent” Stand Zdanevich quite successful. While in Russia, he gave lectures on futurism, “everythingness” (“vsёchuvstve” – as it is written on the poster pm Goncharova), then in France, he was one of the organizers went down in history in the evening Dadaists in Paris in 1923 under the name “Bearded Heart”. The one that ended a scuffle, a broken arm, one of the poets and call the police. After the war, in 1946, Zdanevich gathers strength “old guard” of avant-garde to the controversy with lettristami headed by Isidore Isa, who said of the coup in poetry, as if before him there was no Russian “zaumnik” or the Italian Futurists or Dadaists … The anthology “Poetry of unknown words” (1949), the work on which Iliazd able to attract the best-known artists, has become a powerful argument in the dispute. In this book, the poems Alexei Kruchenykh, for example, is accompanied by graphics Giacometti line Velimir Khlebnikov – etching by Marc Chagall, the text of Antonin Artaud – the work by Georges Braque, poems of Iliazd illustrated by Fernand Léger, and in line Tristan Tzara imposed “capital” and “dots” of color etchings by Joan Miró …
It is interesting that in the anthology includes poems Iliazd second wife, the young Nigerian princess Ibironke Akinsemoin, who came to study at the Sorbonne, trapped in a Nazi camp and died shortly after being released from tuberculosis. Linocut by Henri Matisse accompanied by a strict rhythm of lines of her poems. For this edition Iliazd ordered Case parchment, which put five notebooks with a folded sheet … Parchment, of course, again a reference to the ancient times, to the ancient manuscripts and precious illustrations. And I must say, not only in its publications livre d’artiste.
Among the books that made Iliazd Picasso, released edition of “Thin” (1951). Underlying – 1630 book, written by a certain Adrian de Montluc and found Zdaneviches on secondhand collapse. History ladies experiencing because of its thinness, framed etchings drawings joust resembling rotten rock paintings, images of Cubists and ornamental inserts medieval manuscripts. In the choice of texts Zdanevich almost unpredictable. In his publications can be found a treatise on ballet Louis XIII or, for example, the ballet libretto XVII century long-forgotten poet of Toulouse René Bordeaux. Ballet for his libretto “The story of the north and the cold edges” was staged in Paris in 1626 in Paris. Zdanevich turns strict rhythm royal sheet presentation in two poems written in a strange language, using only 27 words. Word while down on a sheet, like the actors, leaving behind one another on the dance scene. The whole ballet – on two sheets, like a two-act play, where instead of a curtain – etching with a gentle winter landscape Camille Brihaye. The one who came up with the slogan Dadaists “It is forbidden to forbid”.
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It is understood that Zdanevich beckoned closer ballet and abstruse poetry pages and scenes, unique edition – and a magical performance … Well, as you rapprochement livre d’artiste with astronomy? Well, where Zdanevich dug the story of a modest amateur astronomers XIX century Wilhelm Tempel, who discovered five asteroids and comets 12, which, however, did not affect the snobbish attitude highbrow pro? What attracted Iliazd finished the loser – even he discovered between Mars and Jupiter asteroid German scientists renamed? His unearthly passion and the gift of observation of the heavenly bodies? Or the fact that by profession he was a lithographer, then there had to do with the books? This book Iliazd and Max Ernst created a monument to him. The letter turns into space. On another sheet of words and letters are arranged in a square “settlement.” The following figure finds a place in the space of lines and mysterious characters …
This “space epic from Iliazd and surrealist Ernst fascinating rigor and illogicality. It looks like the living embodiment motto Zdanevich:” Long live the nonsense, but organized and not random. “The exhibition in the Pushkin Museum. Pushkin should this covenant. Its strict three-part composition (Futurism until 1920, life in Paris until 1940, rare” artist’s books “by 1940) promises to delight those who, as a modest amateur astronomer Ernst Tempel, appreciates the opportunity to observe, see and discover new things. The blessing of the “lawless comet among unto the Light” art of the twentieth century, Ilya Zdanevich remains one of the most attractive.
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